History
The history of Malang Regency could be revealed through the Dinoyo inscription 760 AD as the primary official document to support the birth of Malang before a new inscription was discovered in 1986, which is so far not yet revealed. According to the inscription, it was concluded that the 8th century was the beginning of the existence of Malang Regency's government due to the birth of King Gajayana's ruling of his kingdom in Malang. From the Dinoyo inscriptions, it is noted that the inscription used the "Candra Sengkala" or "Cronogram" Calendar, and stated that the birth date of Malang Regency was on Jum'at Legi (sweet Friday) of 28 November 760 AD.[3]
The city was capital city of Singhasari in 1222, then transferred to Dutch colony. Malang was modernized under the Dutch; its mild climate which results from its elevation, along with its proximity to the major port of Surabaya, made it a popular destination for the Dutch and other Europeans. In 1879, Malang was connected to Java's railroad network, further increasing development and leading to increased industrialization.
Along with growth came urbanization. The government could not satisfy the population’s needs for affordable housing, which lead to the building of shanty towns along the rivers and rail tracks. Today, the shanty towns still exist; although some have been transformed into “better” housing.
Etymology
The etymology of the name Malang is uncertain. One of the theory said that the name Malang is derived from the words Malangkucecwara which means "God has destroyed the false and enforced the right". The words was taken from an ancient term which mention a legendary temple called Malangkucecwara supposedly located near the city Malang. The word Malangkucecwara was applied as the motto of the city of Malang.
Administration
The city of Malang is divided into five districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their 2010 Census population:[4]
Name Population
Census 2010
Kedungkandang 174,477
Sukun 181,513
Klojen 105,907
Blimbing 172,333
Lowokwaru 186,013
Demographics
Malang municipality has a population of a bit over 800 thousand, with around 2 million clustering in the Malang Valley, making it the province's second most populous city. However, the population growth is not very high, at roughly 1 percent a year.
Ethnic backgrounds
The racial makeup of the city is mainly of Javanese, with a small percentage of Madurese, Chinese and Arab descent. There is no apparent racial discrimination against Chinese minorities.
Religion
Like most of Java, a large majority of Malang residents are Muslims; there are small minorities of Catholics, Hindus, and Buddhists. Many buildings of worship still stand from their construction in the colonial era. For example, City of Malang Grand Mosque (Masjid Agung Kota Malang) in Malang City Square (Alun-alun Kota Malang); Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Gereja Katolik Hati Kudus Yesus) in Kayutangan; Saint Mary from Mount Carmel Cathedral (Gereja Ijen or Katedral Santa Maria dari Gunung Karmel) in Ijen Street, which is the seat for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Malang; The Immanuel Protestant Church in Alun-alun; and Eng An Kiong (永安宮) Buddhist Temple in Jl. Laksamana Martadinata No. 1 Malang. Malang is also famous for being the centre of religious education, this is evident with the existence of many Islamic schools (pesantren) and bible seminaries. Malang also has a convent, among other Carmel Monastery, Ursuline Convent, Misericordia monastery, Monastery of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Brothers, Convent of the Sisters of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Monastery Mission Congregatio Brother, Brother Abbey Projo, Passionist Monastery, and several other monasteries.
Language
Arekan dialect of Javanese language is the day-to-day language used by Malang people. Many of the native Malang youths adopt a dialect that is called 'boso walikan', it is simply done by reversing the pronunciation of the words, an example of this is by pronouncing “Malang” as “Ngalam” instead. Like Surabaya, Malang residents adopt an egalitarian form of Javanese. As it becomes the educational city, there are many languages from outside Java spoken in Malang.
Art and culture
As a centre of tourism, Malang has various places of interest which can be classified into local, regional, national and international standards, including traditional dance performances such as Tari Topeng (Mask Dance), Jaran Pegon, Tari Beskalan (Beskalan Dance), etc. There are also 'Topeng' or Mask handicraft at the villages of Jabung and Kedungmonggo which have become a familiar landmark in Malang Regency. Football is the second religion in Malang, the city is a home for famous Asia football fans Aremania. Malang is also home to a thriving transgender (waria) community headed by Miss Waria Indonesia 2006, Merlyn Sopjan.[5]
Non-residents
Temporary residents to Malang are mostly for educational reasons. They come from other islands especially from East of Indonesia, which includes Bali, Madura, Nusa Tenggara, East Timor, Papua, Maluku, Sulawesi, Borneo, etc.
Education
Malang has strong reputation throughout Indonesia as a centre for higher education and learning.[6] Colleges and Universities in Malang :
Catholic University Widya Karya Malang (UKWK)
South East Asia Bible Seminary - SAAT
State University of Malang (UM)
Brawijaya University (Unibraw)
Ma Chung University
State Polytechnic of Malang (Polinema)
STIE Malangkucecwara
University of Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM)
Widyagama University of Malang (UWG)
Malang State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim (UIN Maliki)
Islamic University of Malang (UNISMA)
Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang (ITN)
Merdeka University (Unmer)
VEDC (Vocational and Educational Development Center)
IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Gajayana University of Malang
Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang
Junior and Senior High Schools in Malang :
SMAK St. Maria Malang
SMAK Kolese St. Yusup Malang
SMAK St. Albertus Malang
SMAK Cor Jesu Malang
SMA Negeri 1 Malang
SMA Negeri 2 Malang
SMA Negeri 3 Malang
SMA Negeri 4 Malang
SMA Negeri 5 Malang
SMA Negeri 6 Malang
SMA Negeri 7 Malang
SMA Negeri 8 Malang
SMA Negeri 9 Malang
SMA Negeri 10 Malang (Sampoerna Academy)
SMP-SMA AR-ROHMAH MALANG
SMPK St. Maria 2 Malang
SMK Negeri 3 Malang
Malang also has two international schools, Wesley International School and Bina Bangsa School, and some national-plus schools, such as SDK Santa Maria 2 Malang and Charis National Academy
Transport
Road
Malang is located in Indonesian National Route 23, which connects it to Gempol and Kepanjen. Malang has a large intercity bus terminal, Arjosari, located in northern Malang. The primary means of public transportation is by Microvan (most of them are Suzuki Carry) and has Blue color, called Angkot (from Angkutan=transportation and Kota=city) but mostly local people call it "Mikrolet". They serve certain routes throughout the city, operated privately and cheap, around Rp 3.000, but these public transports are not usually known for being comfortable, due to the fact that a many people uses them, thus, mostly leading to a cramped condition inside the mikrolet.
Train
The largest train station in Malang is Malang Station. The station is frequently called "Kotabaru Station", to distinguish it from Kotalama Station located in the south. Another train station is Blimbing, located in the north. Previously, there was a tram system in Malang, now defunct.
To ease commuters from Yogyakarta to Malang vice versa, on May 20, 2012 Malioboro Express (Moleks) has been operated.[7]
Air Transportation
Malang is served by Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport, located in the outskirts of Malang. This airport can be accessed by taxis and travels.
Sport
Arema Indonesia is the city's most widely-supported football team and plays in the Indonesian top league, the Indonesia Super League (ISL). The supporters are called Aremania. The other is Persema Malang
Healthcare
Health facilities in Malang :
Puskesmas (Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat)[edit]
Puskesmas is health facilities that provided by government, rates of health services in health centers arranged in a regional regulation on public services restribusi by REGULATION OF MALANG NUMBER 1 YEAR 2011 ABOUT GENERAL SERVICES LEVY, nowadays puskesmas also can give free services if the citizen have government assurance (BPJS).
Puskesmas Bersalin Pemkot (Jl. Panji Suroso)
Puskesmas Arjuno (Jl. Arujuno 17)
Puskesmas Bareng
Puskesmas Rampal Celaket (JL. JAGUNG SUPRAPTO GG I)
Puskesmas Cisadea
Puskesmas Kendal Kerep
Puskesmas Pandan Wangi
Puskesmas Kedung Kandang
Puskesmas Gribig
Puskesmas Arjowinangun
Puskesmas Janti
Puskesmas Ciptomulyo
Puskesmas Mulyorejo
Puskesmas Dinoyo
Puskesmas Mojolangu
Puskesmas Kendalsari
Rumah Sakit/ Hospital[edit]
1 RSI AISYIYAH MALANG JL SULAWESI NO. 19
2 ISLAM UNISMA (JST) MT. HARYONO NO. 139
3 PURI BUNDA (JST) SIMPANG SULFAT UTARA NO. 60A
4 GANESHA MEDIKA (JST) MAYJEND PANJAITAN NO. 176
5 PERMATA BUNDA (JST) SOEKARNO HATTA NO.75
6 RUMAH SAKIT LAVALETTE WR. SUPRATMAN NO. 10
7 RSIA MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG JL. KH. WAHID HASYIM 26,30
8 RSU. UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH JL. RAYA TLOGOMAS NOMOR 45
9 RS. PANTI NIRMALA JL KEBALEN WETAN NO.2-8
10 RSUD DR. SAIFUL ANWAR JL. JAGUNG SUPRAPTO 2
11 RS MELATI HUSADA JL KAWI
12 RST DR. SOEPRAOEN JL S. SUPRIADI
Sidoarjo mud flow
Main article: Sidoarjo mud flow
On 28 May 2006, a blow-out occurred during a drilling for an exploration of natural gas. The blow-out initially produced 5000 m³ of mud flow per day. 18 months after the incident, the mud flow is estimated to be 80,000 m³ to 100,000 m³ per day. This ongoing mud flow has forced the closure of the Porong-Gempol toll road in East Java, which effectively cut off the transport line from Surabaya to Malang.[8]
Sister Cities
Hungary Pécs, Hungary
England Manchester, England
France Lyon, France
References
^ Jump up to: a b "Penduduk & Tenaga Kerja Jatim". Retrieved 2011-10-19.
Jump up ^ Duncan Graham, 'Malang: Not an unfortunate city', The Jakarta Post, 17 February 2013.
Jump up ^ L. Damaes: "Studed' Epigraphy d'Indonesia IV. 1952"
Jump up ^ Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
Jump up ^ Kim Heriot-Darragh. "Transgendered in Malang". Inside Indonesia.
Jump up ^ Rough Guide to Indonesia, p.258
Jump up ^ "Malioboro Ekspres Layani Yogya-Malang Mulai Minggu". Retrieved June 27, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jim Schiller. "Un-natural disaster". Inside Indonesia.
Pantai Batu Bengkung
Special food in Malang
Almost every region in Indonesia has meatballs with distinctive characteristics. There are typical Malang meatballs, meatballs typical Solo, Bandung typical meatballs and meatball typical Jakarta. Characteristic of Malang meatballs are a sprinkling of green onions in the broth so fragrant aroma tempting. In Jakarta, regular sellers add ‘tongcai’ and vinegar, so it feels more unique. Another with a typical meatball Bandung. If we eat meatballs in Bandung, we will see sprouts in a meatball soup that adds freshness. Not inferior to the others, meatballs Solo also has its own characteristics, which is a mixture of ‘tetelan’ meat broth to make it more delicious.
Rujak CingUr
Cingur salad is one of the traditional foods that are easily found in the area of East Java , Especially the region of origin Surabaya is now broke also in Malang. Cingur salad usually consists of some kind of sliced fruits such as cucumbers, krai (a type of cucumber typical East Java), yam, young mango, and added rice cake, tofu and tempeh, bendoyo and cingur and vegetables such as sprouts / sprouts, kale and beans. All the material was mixed with a sauce or condiment made from processed thunderstorm shrimp, boiled water for a bit thin, sugar, chili, fried peanuts, fried onions and thinly sliced bananas green beans are still young . All the sauces / seasonings blended by means uleg , that’s why rojak cingur also often called salad uleg.
In the presentation of salad cingur divided into two kinds, namely the presentation of ‘normal’ and ‘matengan’ (refer to the letter e in the word matengan like calling the letter e in the word: like / call / bendoyo). Presentation of ‘normal’ or more commonly, in the form of all the materials mentioned above, while ‘matengan’ (mature, Java) consists of only ripe ingredients; rice cake, fried tofu, fried tempeh, bendoyo (krai were drafted) and vegetables (kale, beans, sprouts) that has been boiled. Without the materials’ mentah’nya the fruit, because basically there are people who do not like fruit. Both use sauces / condiments same.
This meal is called rojak cingur for seasoning pastes used are processed shrimp and sliced cingur. This is what distinguishes the rojak food in general is usually without the use of cingur it. Cingur salad usually served with extra crackers, and a pedestal pincuk (banana leaves) or plate.
ART AND CULTURE OF MALANG
Mask of Malang
Mask (topeng) as a product of fine arts is not only used as decoration, but also as the equipment of dance and theatre in some performances. In Malang, to be exact in the Kedung Monggo village, Pakisaji sub-distric and in the Jabung village, Tumpang sub-distric, lots of Topeng are made to use for the performance of an opera or “wayang topeng”.
The mask of Malang (topeng Malang) has special characteristics, such as their thick wood of randu wood (capok tree) or “cangkring”, which is rather dark in colour, with a carving on the forehead which is specially bulging, fashioned with a square chin and high cheek- bones. Some mask needs some ritual to make the carving mask has a magic power.
Decoratively, Malang masks are unique. They are different from any other mask art found in Java. There are five typical colurs used to deco rate the masks. The red colour symbolizes courage, the black colour symbolizes determined ambitions, the yellow colour symbolizes wisdom, the white colour indicates purified character and the green colour indicates peace.
The form of its throne and the expression of the mask especially the construction of “gelung” and “janang” and the eyes are not far different with the thrones of wayang on the relief of Jajagu temple. This is not surprising since the Jabung is located near Jajagu temple.
Malang Mask Dance
Malang is famous for its dances. The topeng performance has a strong dramatic value, its performance pattern is good, while the garment music have special characteristics. The carving mask usually made to be used in an opera or “wayang topeng”. What is interesting about the mask dance is that all the dancers representing some characters wear masks.
The art of Mask Dance from Malang, East Java, is the result of a combination of cultures of Central Java, West Java and East Java (Balambangan and Osing). So that the roots of the dance movement contains elements dynamic wealth and ethnic music from Java, Madura and Bali. Nevertheless, the mask dance it is estimated that only appear in the early 20 ‘s and flourished during the war for independence. This dance is a metaphor for human nature, so many models that describe the situation of the mask and different conditions, such as: cry, laugh, sad, confused, and so on. This dance is usually displayed in the fragmentation of local folk tales and stories about different things, especially stories about banner.
Walikan Language
Walikan language is created by Indonesian Patriot called Gerilya Rakyat Kota (GRK). This special language is considered as important language in warfare for ensuring the confidentiality, effectiveness of communication among militants as well as identification for comrades or adversaries.
In the colonial era, there are so many Dutch militants who become spies in Malang area. These spies are able to communicate using local language so that they can get information easily from GRK.
At that time, a patriot called Suyudi Raharno had an idea for making a new language between Malang militants. Then, that language became their identities while maintaning the information security. This language only had one way characteristic in pronunciation and writing. That is reversing from the back of the next read.
Now, that language is known as walikan language. For example : Ayo arek malang kabeh(javanese) becomes Ayo kera ngalam hebak (walikan language).
click in here
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